At this TICTeC community gathering, we discussed if DPI can, and should, go beyond better service delivery, to provide opportunities for citizens to fully participate in their democracies.
Speakers: Richard Gevers (Head of Service Design and Delivery at the Digital Services Unit of The Presidency South Africa) and Sanna-Kaisa Saloranta (Specialist in the Democratic Innovations programme at Sitra, the Finnish Innovation Fund).
Slides from Ana Arevadze (ForSet, Georgia)’s talk about their work with social media influencers to inform and educate Georgian youth on voting and democratic information.
At this TICTeC gathering, we heard directly from practitioners running civic and pro-democracy tech initiatives from across the world.
They shared the strategies they’re using to reach people where they are, ensure their services remain accessible and relevant, and find new ways to track impact in this changing digital landscape.
As a global society, we are navigating a delicate line between the good that tech can do for democracy, and the dangers of letting self-interested tech giants dominate the field. It serves us to examine how authoritarian regimes are using tech, and to ask, can democracies reclaim sovereignty and stand up for the interests of citizens?
Watch Marietje Schaake (Stanford Cyber Policy Center, Institute for Human-Centered AI, Financial Times)’s TICTeC 2025 keynote address.
Hear Rhoda Omenya (Ushahidi) explain how Uchaguzi empowers citizens to report incidents during elections, enabling the monitoring of election-related events in near real-time.
As the rapid development of AI reshapes how societies function, how should the civic and pro-democracy tech communities respond? Join mySociety’s CEO, Programme Leads, and special guests for a lively and interactive discussion on striking the right balance between automation and human agency in pro-democracy tech—and how TICTeC initiatives might help shape this critical frontier going forwards.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation, discover three of Open State Foundation’s most impactful pro-democracy projects in the Netherlands, including a search tool to make documents of all levels of government more findable; research on late responses to Access to Information requests; and open calendars of ministerial meetings that anyone can subscribe to.
In his TICTeC 2025 presentation, Richard Gevers (Open Cities Lab) gives practical insights from South Africa’s groundbreaking Digital Mzansi initiative — a comprehensive programme to transform government service delivery through democratic Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI). Hear of the concrete progress that has been made, and plans for building open, inclusive digital systems that reach millions of citizens.
Discover the measurable impact of civic tech to enhance transparency, accountability, and environmental protection, and how investigative journalism can utilise data tools to drive democratic outcomes.
As shared by Reinaldo Chaves from the Brazilian Association of Investigative Journalism in his TICTeC 2025 presentation, case studies involving Brazilian journalists show how by connecting disparate datasets, patterns of corruption, environmental violations, and misuse of public resources can be uncovered.
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025 presentations:
– The impact of the Promise Tracker tool – Gitungo Wamere and Caroline Gaita (Mzalendo Trust, Kenya)
– Impacts of parliamentary monitoring in Spain – Celia Zafra and Pablo Martín (Political Watch, Spain)
– Tainan City Council Watchbot: empowering informed citizens through AI – Billy Zhe-Wei Lin (Tainan Sprout, Taiwan)
The Tainan City Council WatchBot uses the proceedings released by Tainan City Council to train its AI-powered system to analyse and respond to questions about the council’s proceedings. It provides a user-friendly interface that guides citizens to quickly find answers, accompanied by relevant meeting sources to support traceability — and is all open source.
Billy Zhe-Wei Lin from Tainan Sprout explains more in this TICTeC 2025 presentation.
‘Qué Hacen Los Diputados’ (What MPs Do) addresses gaps in parliamentary transparency and accountability, addressing a persistent reality: public institutions often lag in transparency and accountability without citizen pressure. The project organises parliamentary data in an accessible, user-friendly format — invaluable for citizens, journalists, researchers, and civil society, and fostering informed participation.
Hear more in this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Celia Zafra and
Pablo Martín from Political Watch, Spain.
The Promise Tracker from Mzalendo Trust, launched in 2023, tracks government and opposition promises to enhance accountability and foster participatory democracy.
Hear more about its impact in this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Mzalendo Trust’s Gitungo Wamere and Caroline Gaita.
Public consultation is often seen as a bureaucratic exercise: a checkbox for government departments and public sector organisations to tick — but the reality is far more profound. Through Delib’s decades of experience of powering some of the biggest national conversations, they’ve seen how meaningful consultation fundamentally changes policy outcomes and strengthens democratic decision-making.
Hear more in this TICTeC 2025 presentation from Louise Cato and
Jessie Ashmore (Delib, UK).
Demos is leading the largest trial of digital democracy in the UK. Waves is a €1 million project trialling new technology in local democracy to bring people together to tackle contentious local issues and strengthen trust in local government.
Hear more in this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Miriam Levin.
Can tech strengthen democracy by making new approaches possible? This TICTeC 2025 panel explores the constructive possibilities of tech and democracy, to build the capacity of the engine of democratic progress, increase democratic trust and resilience, and strengthen the heartbeat of civic and democratic life.
Panellists:
– Louise Crow (mySociety)
– Colin Megill (Polis / The Computational Democracy Project)
– Fernanda Campagnucci (InternetLab & University of Muenster)
– Lula Chen (MIT GOV/LAB)
What is made possible by new forms of technology — especially in the civic participation space — and what needs to happen to make those possibilities a reality? Tech innovations are making political participation easier and more accessible across the globe, while open data and access to information continue to play a vital part in strengthening our democracies. In her TICTeC 2025 keynote address, Fernanda Campagnucci (InternetLab & University of Muenster) will draw on her latest research as lead of the State Capacity in Smart Cities for Online Participation (SCOPE) project.
Public meetings are an important part of democracy, but they are not always well-attended. Creating localised and real-time agenda alerts allows people to be engaged, informed citizens.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Julia McKenna (Northwestern University, US) and Alex Cabral (Georgia Tech, US), learn how one Indigenous nation is employing natural language processing to uphold sovereignty and rights in the 21st century.
What if anyone could understand their constitutional rights by simply asking questions in their own language? Numainda, Code for Pakistan’s AI-powered legislative bot, turns this possibility into reality by breaking down the country’s constitution and legislation into clear, actionable information in both Urdu and English.
Find out more in Ali Raza’s TICTeC 2025 presentation.
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025 presentations:
– Changing the argument for using civic technology – Rodney Schwartz (Delib, UK)
– Solving climate data deserts on the municipal level: Climate Diaries– Giulio Carvalho (Diários do Clima, Brazil)
– Dream Con: how civic tech puts citizens at the centre of constitutional reform – Thanisara Ruangdej (GG) (WeVis, Thailand)
Thailand has experienced 13 coups in 90 years, leading to 20 versions of constitutions, each tailored to the power-holders of the time. In response, the WeVis team — directly affected by the latest constitution — aimed to shift the dynamic by empowering citizens to actively participate in redesigning the constitution.
Find out more in Thanisara Ruangdej’s TICTeC 2025 presentation.
Accessing, understanding, and utilising municipal-level data related to climate governance in Brazil presents significant challenges.
In Giulio Carvalho (Diários do Clima)’s TICTeC 2025 presentation, hear how six organisations with expertise in climate journalism, transparency, and open data made a coalition to build an open source platform that collects, processes, and shares local climate-related official acts from 504 cities (and counting!), making them easily accessible and allowing for customised monitoring.
The moral and ethical case for Pro-Democracy Technology has been made for many years. Despite decades of effort, little has changed. The argument that politicians must “do this because it’s the right thing to do” has not been successful. The rise of far-right populist parties across the world implores us to consider a different approach.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Rodney Schwartz, discover the outcomes of his research and interviews with 80 European P/PPs and PDT suppliers — the first time such a large group had been surveyed.
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025 presentations:
– Infrastructure for democracy: how Abrimos.info is transforming governance in Latin America– Martin Szyszlican (Abrimos.info, Mexico)
– Unveiling the power of transparency: how Access to Information exposed systemic failures in Poland’s 2020 elections – Marzena Błaszczyk 25 (Citizens Network Watchdog, Poland)
– Data to advance equity, inclusion, and sustainability – Silvana Fumega (Global Data Barometer, Argentina)
The Global Data Barometer provides fresh insights into how data is being governed, shared and used to advance the public good, with a special focus on the Global South.
In Silvana Fumega’s TICTeC 2025 presentation, learn about key recommendations for strengthening data ecosystems, including fostering collaborations between civic tech actors, governments, and researchers to promote evidence-based decision-making and policy innovation.
The 2020 Polish presidential elections demonstrated how Access to Information can play a pivotal role in uncovering abuses of power.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation from Marzena Błaszczyk, discover how Citizens Network Watchdog Poland used FOI to file criminal complaints against mayors for illegal data transfers, holding authorities accountable, exposing institutional failures, and challenging unlawful actions.
Abrimos.info is a newly established organisation with a mission to strengthen democracy across Latin America by building and scaling digital infrastructures that promote transparency, accountability, and public participation. Discover how they are driving measurable impact in transparency around public officials’ disclosures, contracting information and Access to Information, in Martín Szyszlican’s TICTeC 2025 presentation.
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025presentations:
– What digital security solutions [don’t] work for civil society organisations – Mykola Kostynyan (RESIDENT.ngo, Lithuania)
– Six months of African pro-democracy innovating: what have we learned? – Carl Jacobs (OpenUp, South Africa)
– New Belarus: showcasing digital innovation to strengthen democracy, transparency, and civic participation – Pavel Liber (Nation – Digital Society Platform, Lithuania)
In response to the 2020 Belarusian election crisis, New Belarus emerged as a digital ecosystem (mobile app + web platform), uniting Belarusians worldwide. Its mission transcends technology by building a resilient global Belarusian community committed to freedom and democracy, through an array of digital and civic tech initiatives.
Find out more in Pavel Liber’s presentation at TICTeC 2025.
In times of increasing misinformation and declining voter turnout, particularly among younger generations, well-designed Voting Aid Applications (VAAs) can play a pivotal role in revitalising democratic engagement.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Sofie Marien (Tree Company), gain insights into best practices for creating high-quality VAAs that increase (informed) voting and strengthen the electoral process and institutions, plus the latest research on the impact of such tools.
Tasked to identify trends and actors fuelling information disorder ahead of the elections, the CDD West Africa team launched a social media chatbot, allowing users to directly report claims from their own social media channels. The submitted claims enabled the team to upload verified fact-checks, granting users real-time access to accurate information.
Hear more about this project in Aluko Ahmad (CDD West Africa)’s TICTeC 2025 presentation.
What is the role of tech in a global pro democracy movement? This TICTeC 2025 panel discusses the challenges posed by tech, and the potential to repurpose technology in democratic defence.
Panellists:
-Alex Parsons (mySociety)
-Mike Bracken (Public Digital)
-Silvana Fumega (Global Data Barometer)
-Ya-wei Chou (Global Innovation Hub, Friedrich Naumann Foundation)
– Felix Sieker (Bertelsmann Stiftung)
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025 presentations:
– Breaking AI monopolies: building public AI as an alternative infrastructure – Felix Sieker (Bertelsmann Stiftung, Germany)
– Putting the humans back in: Manchester People’s Panel for AI – Sherelle Fairweather and Becky McMillan (Manchester City Council, UK)
– Community-led AI audits: why they matter and how to start one – Matt Stempeck, Eloise Gabadou, Yung-Shuan Wu (Civic Tech Field Guide)
Audits of AI systems looked at predictive algorithms in the criminal justice system; discrimination by ride-hailing platforms; and city-level social services — and had real impact. You too can lead audits of AI systems affecting your own communities. Together we can hold these systems accountable for equitable outcomes in the real world.
This TICTeC 2025 presentation by the team at the Civic Tech Field Guide, provides details of these audits of real-world AI systems.
The Manchester People’s Panel for AI (PPfAI), a collaborative project led by Manchester’s Digital Strategy team in partnership with Manchester Metropolitan University, aims to enable citizens to influence the development of new AI initiatives.
Through educational roadshows, training sessions, and panels with local service leads, the PPfAI provides opportunities for residents to learn about the ethical and technical aspects of AI and shape its use in frontline service delivery.
Find out mroe in this TICTeC 2025 presentation by
Becky McMillan and Sherelle Fairweather (Manchester City Council).
As AI systems become fundamental to civic participation, their concentration in the hands of a few tech giants poses critical challenges to digital sovereignty and civic empowerment. Public AI could serve as a democratic counterweight to commercial AI systems, enabling civic tech organisations to maintain independence while harnessing AI’s potential.
In this TICTeC 2025 presentation by Felix Sieker (Bertelsmann Stiftung), find out about strategies for developing Public AI alternatives that prioritise democratic values over commercial interests.
Question and answer session for the presenters of the following TICTeC 2025 presentations:
– Making Pakistan’s constitution accessible through AI – Ali Raza (Code for Pakistan, Pakistan)
– Localised agenda alerts create engaged, informed citizens – Julia McKenna (Northwestern University, US) and Alex Cabral (Georgia Tech, US)
Authorities hold information that could clarify societal discussions — but the formats it is held in can make it challenging to interpret digitally. Fedrowanie streamlines the gathering of information from public institutions through mass FOI requests. A recent evolution from manual volunteer work to AI integration represents a leap in enhancing public discourse and governance.
In this TICTeC 2024 presentation, Marzena Blaszczyk (Citizens Network Watchdog Poland) shares their work with AI to analyse mass responses to FOI requests.
In the civic technology ecosystem, creating spaces and pathways for government practitioners and teams to connect and learn from one another is critical as we seek to address ongoing challenges in the design and delivery of government services, attract talent to public service, and retain people with the knowledge, skills, and abilities in government roles.
In this TICTeC 2024 presentation, Kelly Henderson and Michaela Caudill (Beeck Center for Social Impact and Innovation at Georgetown University) share real-world lessons about cultivating communities of practice and building out programing and structures that facilitate the sharing of knowledge, artefacts, and ideas. These communities provide spaces that meaningfully inform government practitioners and teams in designing and delivering government services.
Lobbying is a negative influence often connected to corruption, secrecy and poor behaviour. But can AI change things for the better, improving the abilities of those who monitor lobbying, or helping raise awareness of problems? Conversely, will AI bring increased powers for political persuaders, perhaps even introducing the robot lobbyist?
At TICTeC 2024, Ben Worthy from Birkbeck College presented a paper asking how AI can change lobbying for better or worse. It looks in turn at how AI can allow different groups to do the same things but better; and do new things. It draws on examples from the UK and US, as well as wider academic studies, to predict what may happen, and offer a framework.
Question and answer session for the following TICTeC 2024 presentations:
– Empowering community action through open mapping in disaster response and climate action – Petya Kangalova (Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team, UK)
– From data to action: FloodLight’s impact on disaster response in Pakistan – Ibraheem Saleem (Code for Pakistan, Pakistan)
– Civic tech and journalism: impact through collaboration – Christoph Raetzsch (Aarhus University, Denmark)
Impact beyond a project’s runtime depends on embedding stakeholder interests from the start, to ensure uptake after a project is finished. Through European and Japanese examples of citizen-sensed data and journalistic storytelling as well as audience engagement, this TICTeC 2024 presentation by Christoph Raetzsch (Aarhus University) underlines the need for collaborations between civic tech activists and journalists.
In this TICTeC 2024 presentation from Code for Pakistan, hear about FloodLight, a volunteer-led disaster response platform, addresses the challenges of flooding in Pakistan. Launched in response to devastating floods which left one-third of the nation submerged, two million acres of agricultural land destroyed, and resulted in thousands of casualties, the platform emerged as a crucial tool in disaster management.
The Scottish government committed to support 20 minute neighbourhoods — but not all algorithms are equal, even the simplest ones. Scotland’s particularly hilly towns present a challenge. How does the 20 minute neighbourhood profile change, in different Scottish towns, when the routing algorithm takes up/down hill walking into consideration?
In her TICTeC 2024 presentation, Gala presents analysis on the accessibility (or lack thereof) to transportation and services in a number of Scottish towns, taking into consideration slower paces when walking uphill, downhill, and both uphill and downhill.
Question and answer session for the following TICTeC 2024 presentations:
– How civic tech is unveiling corruption and championing democracy and environmental protection in Brazil – Maria Vitória Ramos (Fiquem Sabendo, Brazil)
– Empowering communities: Budeshi’s impact on transparency and accountability in Nigerian government projects – Nnenna Eze (Public and Private Development Centre, Nigeria)
– Have you empirically improved transparency and accountability? – Shaun Russell (OpenUp, South Africa)
How can you say empirically that the work you are doing has made things more transparent in your field? If your work is nebulous and difficult to measure in real world impact, this is a challenge — and one faced by a collaboratively-made data visualisation tool aimed to make the South African parliament more transparent and accountable. For tips on how to measure the impact and effectiveness of your civic tech tools, check out this TICTeC 2024 presentation from Shaun Russell from OpenUp in South Africa.
Hear from Nnenna Eze (Public and Private Development Centre, Nigeria)’s TICTeC 2024 presentation on Budeshi, the open-contracting tool, which has emerged as a pivotal platform facilitating transparency and accountability in public procurement. Data from Freedom of Information requests is published on the platform to allow thorough monitoring exercises across various Nigerian states. Journalists have been trained and communities empowered to independently investigate and report on discrepancies.
What difference can a small organisation make? With the right data — a lot. Climate Emergency UK first assessed every local council’s Climate Action Plan, and then moved onto marking actual climate action, publishing the results as a set of in-depth Scorecards. The real-life impacts of these scores have been notable. Find out more from this TICTeC 2024 presentation from Don von Rohland.
At this TICTeC 2024 panel discussion, Genevieve Maitland Hudson (Social Investment Business / mySociety)
Maddy Carroll (Director, UK Programme, European Climate Foundation), Dr. Michal Nachmany (Founder and CEO, Climate Policy Radar) and Aleks Berditchevskaia (Principal Researcher, Nesta Centre for Collective Intelligence Design) discuss the opportunities and challenges that civic technology presents, when it comes to democratic climate action.
Nick Mabey from E3G (Third Generation Environmentalism)’s TICTeC 2024 keynote speech. Nick emphasised the need to put democratic values, institutional strengthening, and governance innovation back at the heart of climate action if we are serious about protecting everyone from catastrophic climate damage.
Hear Rhoda Omenya (Ushahidi) explain how Uchaguzi empowers citizens to report incidents during elections, enabling the monitoring of election-related events in near real-time.
When thinking about digital technologies for participation as public spaces, the narrative can shift to promote a stronger role for public authorities in developing, deploying and monitoring such technologies. The Getting Civic Tech Right for Democracy work from the OECD helps suggest first recommendations towards a more holistic perspective for digital participation. Mauricio Mejia Galvan (OECD) presents these recommendations.
Q&A session for these TICTeC 2024 presentations:
– From data to democracy: the role of DCinbox in shaping informed citizenship and government accountability – Lindsey Cormack (Stevens Institute of Technology, US)
– Thailand’s first parliamentary monitoring tool – Thanisara Ruangdej (GG) (Punch Up & WeVis, Thailand)
– Empowering citizens: how Querido Diário is making Brazilian city policies accessible – Giulio Carvalho (Open Knowledge Brasil, Brazil) and Renne Rocha (Querido Diário, Brazil)
Querido Diário, a project by Open Knowledge Brasil, meticulously maps, scrapes and publishes the official gazettes of 350 cities, rendering them accessible through a user-friendly web interface and API. The project is implemented collaboratively by a community of more than a hundred people. Discover how Querido Diário is breaking down barriers and empowering citizens to engage with their cities’ policies.
Megan Babakar (Google) shares the key findings from a six month research project involving interviews with fifteen global experts which culminated in the development of an election coalitions playbook. The research provides insights and identifies best practices from some of the most successful election coalitions from the past decade.The findings show there is no one-size-fits-all approach to creating an election coalition to combat misinformation during an election. But there are some common themes, questions, approaches, and ideas that all successful coalitions share.
A global panel mulls over the challenges of working on private-public civic tech projects, as well as their solutions and ideas to tackle these.
As real-time data becomes increasingly important for decision-making, Integrity Action‘s DevelopmentCheck tool pushes those in positions of authority to deliver better public services and infrastructure projects.
What should the post-COVID world look like? Civocracy wanted to find out about the hopes and dreams of the French public — but also, what they were willing to sacrifice to make the change happen.
Across South Africa, municipalities recognise that community engagement in local policy-making is crucial for effective governance, but they nonetheless struggle with low and unrepresentative participation.
What are the barriers preventing people from engaging in planning? How do people want to participate? What does good and effective engagement look like?
A key theme for Nanjala is the effect that technology is having on politics — in her home country of Kenya, but also across Africa and globally.
Sigurlaug Anna Jóhannsdóttir is a Democracy advisor at the City of Reykjavik Council in Iceland.
g0v began as a hacktivist group, and went on to shape Taiwan’s digital policy. One project sought to increase online civic participation. Who could be better positioned to do this work? But things didn’t go as smoothly as anticipated.
How the Open Data Institute encouraged take up of their toolkit for data-informed policy development by local councils. A notes document.
Notes from an engaging presentation on how quantitative data changed housing reform law in New York.
Data scientists worked with a foodbank in Huddersfield to understand whether they could predict which customers are most likely to be in need of future support, so that they could intervene early. A notes document.
Sharing components across different areas has helped GOV.UK make efficiencies in processes such as online payments. A slide deck.
A slide deck, in which Hackney and Croydon Councils present experimental approaches to user research.
Looking at four intersecting crises hitting deprived areas of the UK. A slide deck.
Notes from an inspiring panel featuring representatives of the Green Party, FutureGov, Hubub and Friends of the Earth.
Water in Sierra Leone is a complicated issue. On the one hand, availability is high; on the other, access is unequally distributed. Civic tech can help, but it’s not the whole solution.
A platform that allows citizens to send free, anonymous messages to local government officials, reducing the cost and increasing the efficiency of communication about public services.
Civic tech that can use open contracting data to save money and improve services generates massive improvements in government spending and quality of life.
Lessons learned from implementing civic engagement processes using web-based platforms for citizens to share ideas for innovating public services and urban plans.
With over 120 Citizen Budgets implemented across North America, Open North have undertaken research on the impact of the tool in different cities.
Roma Capitale expects not only to boost innovation policies at local level but also to improve the civic approach to the city.
Wigan are trying something new: a contract between residents and the council as both sides strive for a better borough. Side deck.
Better design for the case management systems used by social workers. Slide deck.
Consul’s participation software is used by 90 governments in 18 different countries, giving citizens a voice in decisions about their own neighbourhoods. Slide deck.
New ways to look at the world, with data. This presentation included some beautiful charts for those who love data visualisation. Slide deck.
MHCLG share how they are helping Local Government to ‘fix the plumbing’, by putting the basics in place now — and quickly. Slide deck.
Shift discover that by removing judgement, online platforms become more accessible. Slide deck.
How do you effect the fundamental rethink from service user to service provider? Slide deck.
Slide deck running through the benefits of hosting in the cloud.
Increasingly governments are innovating in the civic tech sphere. What are the advantages and disadvantages of citizen-to-government applications implemented by governments themselves?
Code for Pakistan’s applications have improved government efficiency and the experiences of hundreds of citizens who interact with government every day.
With Budeshi it was possible to demonstrate to public institutions the benefits of using unique identifiers to link budget and procurement data to public services.
Open Contracting Partnership presents evidence of the impact of open contracting reforms from Ukraine, Slovakia and beyond. What do they measure, how and why? What lessons have been learned — and what mistakes were made along the way?
Using data on Lower House representatives’ expense reimbursements, the Serenata de Amor Operation team built an artificial intelligence capable of analysing each expense and rating it for the probability of having broken the law.
The Government of Andhra Pradesh aimed to bring 110 cities and towns online, with the goals of improving service delivery to citizens, moving to data-driven governance processes, improving revenues and increasing transparency and accountability.
The audience pose questions ta TICTeC@Taipei across the presentations on procurement, contracting and budget tracking.
Over to the audience for questions across the five sessions that made up this strand of TICTeC@Taipei.
The audience put questions to the panel at TICTeC@Taipei.
Questions from the audience, answered by the panel at TICTeC@Taipei.
Question and answer session for the following TICTeC 2024 presentations:
How to build a country-led election coalitions and combat misinformation online – Mevan Babakar (Google, UK)
Common civic tech needs across global contexts – Matt Stempeck (Civic Tech Field Guide, Portugal/US)
Empowering civic engagement: leveraging Ushahidi for transparent and inclusive electoral monitoring and governance – Rhoda Omenya (Ushahidi, Kenya)